Inflation Eases to 22.22% in June 2025 as Food Prices See Monthly Rise
By Patience Ikpeme
Nigeria’s Consumer Price Index (CPI), commonly referred to as inflation, registered a decrease in June 2025, settling at 22.22 percent.
This marks a reduction from the 22.97 percent headline inflation rate recorded in May 2025, as revealed by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) in its latest CPI report released on Wednesday.
The June 2025 CPI figure shows a decline of 0.76 percentage points compared to May 2025’s headline inflation. On a year-on-year basis, the headline inflation rate for June 2025 stood at 11.97 percent, a considerable 11.97 percentage points lower than the 34.19 percent recorded in June 2024.
This indicates a general slowdown in the annual inflation rate compared to the preceding year. However, examining the month-on-month basis, the inflation rate in June 2025 was 1.68 percent, a slight increase of 0.15 percentage points from the 1.53 percent recorded in May 2025. This means that the rate of increase in the average price level was higher in June 2025 than in the previous month.
The food inflation rate for June 2025 was 21.97 percent on a year-on-year basis. This figure is 18.90 percentage points lower than the 40.87 percent rate observed in June 2024.
The NBS attributes this notable decline in the annual food inflation figure to a change in the base year for calculation. Conversely, on a month-on-month basis, the food inflation rate in June 2025 reached 3.25 percent, rising by 1.07 percentage points from 2.19 percent in May 2025.
This increase is linked to a rise in the average prices of various food items, including green peas (dried), fresh pepper, white dried shrimps, crayfish, fresh meat, fresh tomatoes, plantain flour, and ground pepper, among others.
The average annual rate of food inflation for the twelve months ending June 2025 was 28.28 percent, which is 7.06 percentage points lower than the 35.35 percent average annual rate recorded in June 2024, as explained by the NBS.
Core inflation, which comprises all items excluding volatile agricultural produce and energy prices, registered 22.76 percent in June 2025 on a year-on-year basis. This represents a 4.64 percent decline compared to the 27.4 percent recorded in June 2024. On a month-on-month basis, the core inflation rate was 2.46 percent in June 2025, increasing by 1.36 percentage points from 1.10 percent in May 2025.
The average twelve-month annual core inflation rate was 24.14 percent for the period ending June 2025, a marginal 0.07 percentage points higher than the 24.06 percent recorded in June 2024.
Inflation figures continue to vary across Nigerian states. In June 2025, the all-items inflation rate on a year-on-year basis was highest in Borno (31.63%), Abuja (26.79%), and Benue (25.91%). In contrast, Zamfara (9.90%), Yobe (13.51%), and Sokoto (15.78%) recorded the slowest rise in headline inflation on a year-on-year basis.
On a month-on-month basis for all-items inflation in June 2025, the highest increases were observed in Ekiti (5.39%), Delta (5.15%), and Lagos (5.13%). Conversely, Zamfara (-6.89%), Niger (-5.35%), and Plateau (-4.01%) recorded a decline in month-on-month inflation.
For food inflation in June 2025 on a year-on-year basis, Borno (47.40%), Ebonyi (30.62%), and Bayelsa (28.64%) saw the highest rates. Katsina (6.21%), Adamawa (10.90%), and Sokoto (15.25%) experienced the slowest rise in food inflation annually. On a month-on-month basis, food inflation in June 2025 was highest in Enugu (11.90%), Kwara (9.97%), and Rivers (9.88%). Meanwhile, Borno (-7.63%), Sokoto (-6.43%), and Bayelsa (-6.34%) registered a decline in food inflation for the month.
